Linguistic Adaptation in Pakistani EFL Textbooks: A Corpus-Based Analysis of Glocalization

Abstract

This study analyzes how the global or literary texts in Pakistani EFL textbooks are adapted to manage the textual complexity particularly linguistic standards in order to make them familiar to the local educational needs and contexts. The study further compares and contrasts the original English source texts with their adapted and simplified versions, exploring the restructured language for local learners. Using digital tools, Text Ease and Readability Assessor and Lumos Text Analyzer, find out linguistic complexity indicators like Average Word Length, Average Sentence Length and Syllable Length Average along with readability metric analysis of both corpora (original and adapted), measuring Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level, SMOG Index, Gunning Fog Index, Coleman-Liau Index, FORCAST Grade Level, Powers-Sumner-Kearl Grade, and Raygor Readability in both text versions. The analysis reveals how glocalized versions have simplification of syntax, vocabulary and sentence structure. The metrics of readability provide empirical evidence of linguistic adaptation within the domain of glocalization, helping textbook designers and providing substantial input to authors and applied linguistics researchers. Moreover, it will provide a lens to evaluate EFL materials.