Challenges Regarding Access to Higher Education among Rural Women in Punjab Pakistan: Impact & Implication

Abstract

This study examined the challenges regarding access to higher education among rural women in Punjab, Pakistan, and explored the impacts and implications of these challenges. The study examined the role of socioeconomic factors, family size and distance to educational institutions in shaping access to higher education for rural women. A sample of 384 participants from the region was surveyed using a well-structured questionnaire. The analysis revealed that household income and the perceived difficulty in paying school fees significantly influenced access to higher education with greater financial resources increasing the likelihood of educational opportunities for women. The size of a family has become another factor that affects educational outcomes because there are not enough resources and attention available for girl’s higher education. Moreover, the distance of educational institution from home presented a significant barrier, hindering access to higher education for rural women. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling showed that these factors were important to effect the rural women's ability to attend the institute. The study showed the need for targeted interference and policies to promote higher education and enhance access to higher education for rural women in Punjab, Pakistan.