Fabrication of Cerium Doped Nickel-Cobalt Ferrite by Co-Precipitation Method

Abstract

In the modern world researchers caught the attraction towards spinal ferrites. The current work is based on spinel ferrites having formula Ni_0.5Co_0.5Ce_xFe_2-xO₄ where (x = 0.0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2) Prepared by co-precipitation method. The confirmation of spinal ferrite structure was done through XRD analysis. The crystallite size was found to be in the range of 8 to 11 nm. Lattice perimeter is observe to obey the increasing trend due to replacement of larger ionic radii of cerium with smaller ionic radii of iron.  Koop's phenomenological theory, Maxwell–Wagner interfacial polarization and Vegard’s law is used to explain the behavior of lattice constant. The electrical properties of prepared ferrites were revealed by impedance analyzer. Various parameters like real and imaginary parts of dialectic constant, impedance and modulus was determined. In the frequency range of 1 to 3 GHz the detailed electrical inspection was done. During the electrode polarization the effect of grains on the increasing substitution of cerium was analyzed through real and imaginary parts of electrical modulus M' and M". In the frequency range of 3 GHz the value of M' is 2.1934 × 10^-1 to 2.6581 × 10^-1 and the value of M" is from 4.67 × 10^-3 to 3.538 × 10^-3. AC conductivity spectra shows a non-Debye relaxation behavior and it dependents of conductivity on frequency. The observed dielectric constant, dialectic loss and tangent loss are found to be decreasing with the increase in frequency. The investigation shows that real and imaginary impedance Z' and Z" was found to be decreasing on lower frequencies and on higher frequencies all the curves merge with each other. The value of Z' and Z" at 3GHz frequency is in the range of 8.02 × 10^-3 to 0.6073 and 3.7641 × 10¹ to 4.5617 ×10¹ respectively. Increase in frequency increases the AC conductivity. The applications of prepared nanoparticles are suggested in high frequency devices because of the splendid dielectric properties of these particles.